{"id":1476,"date":"2023-07-24T10:12:01","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T02:12:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/?p=1476"},"modified":"2023-07-24T10:12:38","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T02:12:38","slug":"alpha-thalassemia-a-comprehensive-overview-of-prevalence-and-genetic-variations-in-southeast-asia-and-the-mediterranean-region","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/zh\/blog\/alpha-thalassemia-a-comprehensive-overview-of-prevalence-and-genetic-variations-in-southeast-asia-and-the-mediterranean-region\/","title":{"rendered":"Alpha-Thalassemia: A Comprehensive Overview of Prevalence and Genetic Variations in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean Region\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Alpha-thalassemia is a prevalent blood disorder found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, posing a significant public health burden. In regions like <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Southeast_Asia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Southeast Asia<\/a> and the Mediterranean, this condition can manifest in different forms, ranging from mild to severe anemia (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/hemoglobin-test\/about\/pac-20385075#:~:text=Hemoglobin%20is%20a%20protein%20in,blood%20cell%20count%20(anemia).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hemoglobin<\/a> H (HbH) diseases) or even lethal outcomes (Hb Bart&#8217;s hydrops fetalis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"363\" src=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia.jpg 600w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In normal individuals, there are four alpha-globin genes, two on each chromosome 16 pair (\u03b1\u03b1\/\u03b1\u03b1). Alpha thalassemia trait phenotype occurs due to deletions of two alpha-genes, either in the cis type (\u03b1\u03b1\/&#8211;) on the same <a href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/about-genomics\/fact-sheets\/Chromosomes-Fact-Sheet#:~:text=is%20a%20chromosome%3F-,Chromosomes%20are%20thread%2Dlike%20structures%20located%20inside%20the%20nucleus%20of,type%20of%20living%20creature%20unique.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">chromosome<\/a> or the trans type (\u03b1-\/\u03b1-). Hb Bart&#8217;s hydrops fetalis results from the deletion\/inactivation of all four \u03b1-globin <a href=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/zh\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">genes<\/a> (&#8211;\/&#8211;) while HbH disease is mainly caused by the deletion\/inactivation of three \u03b1-globin genes (&#8211;\/-\u03b1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1478\" width=\"610\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia1.jpg 658w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia1-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia1-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Alpha-Thalassemia Variants:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the various alpha-thalassemia gene deletions, the -\u03b13.7 and -\u03b14.2 single gene deletions are the most prevalent. Additionally, double gene deletions in cis, such as &#8212; SEA, &#8212; FIL, and \u2013THAI alleles, are commonly observed in Southeast Asia. On the other hand, the \u2013MED and \u2013(\u03b1)20.5 double-gene deletions are more frequent in the Mediterranean area. Understanding the prevalence of these genetic variations is crucial for developing a comprehensive protocol for managing six common types of alpha thalassemia in the Southeast Asia and Mediterranean regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia2.jpg 498w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia2-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mygenome.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/alpha-thalassemia2-15x12.jpg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;Alpha thalassemia phenotype and genotype:&nbsp;<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Phenotype<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Genotype&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Haemoglobin Bart hydrops fetalis (Hb Bart) syndromes&nbsp;<\/td><td>Deletion\/inactivation of all four \u03b1-globin genes (&#8211;\/&#8211;)&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Haemoglobin H (HbH) disease&nbsp;<\/td><td>Deletion\/inactivation of three \u03b1-globin genes (&#8211;\/-\u03b1)&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03b1-thalassemia trait\/carrier&nbsp;<\/td><td>Deletion\/inactivation of two \u03b1-globin genes either in cis (&#8211;\/\u03b1\u03b1, or \u03b10 carrier) or in trans (-\u03b1\/-\u03b1 or \u03b1+)&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03b1-thalassemia silent carrier&nbsp;<\/td><td>Deletion\/inactivation of one \u03b1-gene (-\u03b1\/\u03b1\u03b1 or \u03b1+ carrier)&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpha-thalassemia is a widespread blood disorder with significant variations in its prevalence and genetic makeup in different regions. In Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean, understanding the specific genetic variants responsible for this condition is essential for effective management and treatment. By developing a comprehensive protocol for these regions, we can improve the healthcare outcomes for individuals affected by alpha-thalassemia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alpha-thalassemia is a prevalent blood disorder found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, posing a significant public health burden. In regions like Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean, this condition can manifest in different forms, ranging from mild to severe anemia (hemoglobin H (HbH) diseases) or even lethal outcomes (Hb Bart&#8217;s hydrops fetalis). In normal individuals, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[41,46,43,47,49,42,45,48,44,50],"class_list":["post-1476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news_updates","tag-alpha-thalassemia","tag-anemia","tag-genetic-blood-disorders","tag-genetic-variations","tag-healthcare-management","tag-hemoglobin-disorders","tag-mediterranean-region","tag-public-health","tag-southeast-asia","tag-treatment-strategies"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Alpha-Thalassemia: A Comprehensive Overview of Prevalence and Genetic Variations in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean Region\u00a0 - MyGenome<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the prevalence and genetic variations of Alpha-Thalassemia in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean region. 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